Carcinogenesis, Teratogenesis & Mutagenesis ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 6-11.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-616x.2021.01.002

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Effects of PM2.5 exposure on expression of oncogenes and apoptosis genes in human renal epithelial cells

LI Boru1,2, QIN Shuangjian1,2, LI Runbing2,3, CAI Ying2,3, ZHENG Kai2,3, WANG Bingyu2,3, ZENG Ming1, XIAO Fang1, XU Xinyun2   

  1. 1. Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan;
    2. Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong;
    3. School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
  • Received:2020-06-22 Revised:2020-09-02 Online:2021-01-30 Published:2021-02-06

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Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of PM2.5 exposure on expression of oncogenes and apoptosis genes in human renal epithelial cells (HK-2). METHODS: The CCK8 assay was used to obtain the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Taiyuan PM2.5 on human renal epithelial (HK-2) cells. HK-2 cells were treated with PM2.5 for 24 h. Four groups were set up:negative control group, low-dose PM2.5 group (10 μg/mL PM2.5), high-dose PM2.5 group (50 μg/mL PM2.5) and positive control group (Cr6+10 μmol/l). qPCR and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and proteins levels of apoptosis genes and oncogenes (c-myc, c-fos, p53, Caspase-8, Caspase-9 and Bcl-2). RESULTS: The IC50 value of Taiyuan PM2.5 on HK-2 cells was 95.98 μg/mL. After 24 hours of PM2.5 exposure, qPCR results show that, compared with the control group, expressions of c-myc, c-fos, Caspase-8, Caspase-9 mRNAs were significantly increased in the high-dose and positive control groups (P < 0.01). However, expressions of p53 and Bcl-2 mRNAs were significantly decreased in these two groups (P < 0.01). Western blot data show that, compared with the control group, expressions of c-myc, c-fos, Caspase-8, Caspase-9 proteins were significantly increased in the high-dose and positive control groups (P < 0.01). However, expressions of p53 and Bcl-2 proteins were significantly decreased in these two groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: PM2.5 exposure to HK-2 cells increased the expression of oncogenes and apoptosis genes but decreased the expression of tumor suppressor and anti-apoptosis genes. Our results suggest that PM2.5 exposure can promote oncogenesis.

Key words: PM2.5, HK-2 cells, oncogenes, apoptosis genes

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